Biology: full tests

Structure of the NMT Biology Test

The NMT Biology test consists of 30 tasks of different types:

• Multiple-choice tasks with selection of one correct answer
• 2 tasks on multiple choice (3 answers from 7 options)
• 4 tasks on establishing correspondences

Maximum number of points: 46 points Passing (minimum) score: 7 points out of 46 possible

Biology is an elective subject and is included in the second testing block along with Ukrainian History. 120 minutes are allocated for the entire block.

Approximately for biology: 60 minutes (approximately 2 minutes per task)

What the NMT in Biology Covers

The test covers all sections of the school biology curriculum:

• 🌱 Botany — plant structure and physiology, systematics
• 🦋 Zoology — invertebrates and vertebrates
• 👤 Human Anatomy — organ systems, physiology
• 🧬 General Biology — cell, metabolism
• 🧪 Genetics — laws of heredity, mutations
• 🌍 Ecology — ecosystems, biosphere
• 🦕 Evolution — theory of evolution, origin of life

NMT Biology Program

The program is based on the ZNO program and covers 5 main sections:

1. Chemical composition of living organisms
2. Cell structure and functions
3. Implementation of hereditary information
4. Metabolism and energy transformation in the cell
5. Reproduction and individual development of organisms

How to Prepare Effectively

✅ Preparation Strategies

1. Create diagrams, tables, and charts to systematize biological knowledge by topics
2. Solve genetics problems regularly — always analyze each mistake
3. Draw biological structures (cells, organs) and label all their parts
4. Understand biological processes, not just memorize facts
5. Learn terminology — especially terms that are easily confused

📚 Most Important Topics

Cellular level:

• Cell structure — organelles and their functions
• Cell division (mitosis, meiosis)
• DNA, RNA, protein synthesis

Genetics:

• Mendel's laws
• Types of inheritance (dominant, recessive, linked)
• Mutations and chromosome theory
• Solving genetic problems

Human Anatomy:

• Organ systems (circulatory, respiratory, digestive, nervous)
• Metabolism
• Nervous and humoral regulation

Ecology and Evolution:

• Ecosystems and biocenoses
• Darwin's evolutionary theory
• Origin and development of life on Earth

Working with Diagrams and Pictures

The NMT includes tasks analyzing:

• 🔬 Cell structures and organelles
• 📊 Process diagrams (photosynthesis, respiration, cell division)
• 🧬 Development cycles of organisms
• 📈 Graphs and charts of biological processes

💡 Tip: Practice correctly interpreting graphs, charts, diagrams, and biological illustrations.

Common Student Mistakes

❌ Confusion in terminology (mitosis/meiosis, DNA/RNA, autotrophs/heterotrophs) ❌ Superficial knowledge of processes without understanding molecular mechanisms ❌ Not knowing exceptions to biological rules and special cases ❌ Mistakes in genetic problems — not understanding genotype and phenotype ❌ Confusion in systematics and classification of organisms

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to know Latin names?

The NMT may include Latin names of the most common species, but Ukrainian names are predominantly used. It's useful to know basic Latin terms from anatomy.

Will there be tasks with diagrams and pictures?

Yes, the NMT includes tasks analyzing biological diagrams, pictures of cell structures, organs, organ systems, development cycles.

How to prepare for genetics?

Study Mendel's laws, types of inheritance, solve genetic problems of various difficulty levels. Understand key concepts: genotype, phenotype, dominance, recessiveness.